CHAPTER 6.1 Study Guide Chemical Equations

Use with text pages 190 – 201

 

In each blank, write the word or phrase that best completes the following passage.

 

When a piece of magnesium metal is added to dilute hydrochloric acid, fizzing occurs and hydrogen gas is released from the mixture. The fizzing is evidence that a(n) (1) ______________ has occurred between magnesium and hydrochloric acid. The name given to either magnesium or hydrochloric acid in this case is (2) _______________, and the hydrogen gas that is released is called a(n) (3) ____________ of the reaction. Some other indications that reactions have occurred might be change of color or (4) _________________, or formation of a solid (5) ____________. If a thermometer is placed into a mixture undergoing a reaction, you might observe that the temperature has gone up or down, indicating that (6) ______________ was being released or absorbed. The shorthand form by which a reaction is represented is called a(n) (7) _________________. In using this method of representation, you must satisfy the (8) ____________, a principle that states that matter is neither created nor destroyed. In order to satisfy this principle, you normally select the proper numerical (9) __________________ to indicate the number of units of each substance taking part in the chemical change.

 

In the space provided, express in words each of the numbered terms or symbols in the following chemical equation.

 

Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) --> MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)

 

10. Mg

11. (s)

12. +

13. 2

14. HCl(aq)

15. (aq)

16. -->

17. MgCl2(aq)

18. H2

19. (g)

 

Write a word equation and a balanced chemical equation for each of the reactions described below.

 

20. Aluminum metal burns in pure oxygen gas to produce solid aluminum oxide.

word equation:

chemical equation:

 

21. When solid mercury(II) oxide is heated, it breaks down to form liquid mercury and oxygen gas.

word equation:

chemical equation:

 

22. The addition of a solution of ammonium sulfate to a solution of lead(II) nitrate results in the formation of ammonium nitrate, which remains in solution, and lead(II) sulfate, which settles out of solution as a solid.

word equation:

 

chemical equation:

 

23. Copper metal and iron(II) nitrate in solution are formed when iron metal is added to a solution of copper (II) nitrate.

word equation:

chemical equation:

 

24. Hydrogen sulfide gas reacts with pure oxygen gas to form water vapor and solid particles of sulfur.

word equation:

chemical equation:

 

Balance each of the following chemical equations.

 

25. P(s) + O2(g) --> P4O10(s)

 

26. Fe(OH)3(s) --> Fe2O3(s) + H2O(g)

 

27. Na2CO3(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) --> NaOH(aq) + CaCO3(s)

 

28. K3PO4(aq) + MgCl2(aq) --> Mg3(PO4)2(s) + KCl(aq)

 

29. Mg(HCO3)2(aq) + HCl(aq) --> MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

 

30. Bi(NO3)3(aq) + CaI2(aq) --> BiI3(s) + Ca(NO3)2(aq)

 

31. Cu(s) + H2SO4(aq) -->CuSO4(aq) + H2O(l) + SO2(g)